Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

INCOME TAXES

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INCOME TAXES
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES
NOTE 9 - INCOME TAXES
Our 2023 estimated annual effective tax rate before discrete items as of September 30, 2023 is 19%. The estimated annual effective tax rate is less than the U.S. statutory rate of 21%, as state income tax expense is less than the percentage depletion in excess of cost depletion. The 2022 estimated annual effective tax rate before discrete items as of September 30, 2022 was 20%.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, income tax expense includes $18 million of discrete benefit, as compared to $3 million of discrete expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.